Atoms and molecules
4.
Atoms are building block of all matter
5.
Atomic radius is measured in nanometres (1 m = 109
nm)
6.
Individual atoms can be observed using Scanning
Tunnelling Microscopes
7.
Each element has a name and a unique symbol
8.
Rules for assigning symbols for atoms of various
elements
a.
The abbreviation used to represent an element is
generally the first letter in capital of the English name of element
English name of element
|
Symbol
|
Hydrogen
|
H
|
Boron
|
B
|
Oxygen
|
O
|
Nitrogen
|
N
|
Fluorine
|
F
|
b.
When the names of two or more elements begin with the
same initial letter, the initial letter followed by the letter appearing later
in the name is used to symbolize the element
Name of element
|
Symbol
|
Barium
|
Ba
|
Bismuth
|
Bi
|
Bromine
|
Br
|
Silicon
|
Si
|
Cadmium
|
Cd
|
c. Symbols of some elements are derived from their Latin
names
Name of element
|
Latin name
|
Symbol
|
Sodium
|
Natrium
|
Na
|
Potassium
|
Kalium
|
K
|
Copper
|
Cuprum
|
Cu
|
Iron
|
Ferrum
|
Fe
|
Gold
|
Aurum
|
Au
|
Silver
|
Argentum
|
Ag
|
